The plasma focus as a thruster a thesis richard lee hardy. The kansas state university dpf machine was designed and constructed. The voltage of capacitor bank for a plasma focus device is usually 10 30 kv, but the results of a lot of experiments 1 have shown that deuteron beams emitted from the pinch have a wide range of energy up to several mev. Mar 10, 2016 the computational investigation of the correlation between the achievable reaction yield and discharge energy for a plasma focus device pfd is presented. To enhance the efficiency of plasma focus device as a charged particle source, a new configuration of a dense plasma focus device with three electrodes has been designed and tested. Enhancement of charged particle emission from a plasma focus. Pdf preliminary results of is plasma focus as a breeder of. Optimization of a dense plasma focus device as a light. Us6723202b2 worktable device and plasma processing. The inner electrode is connected to a capacitor bank by a fast switch, while the outer electrode is electrically grounded. The plasma focus device is a potential source for multiradiation emission.
They demonstrated that plasma focus is a simple and inexpensive device for generating xray spectra of highly charged metal ions. An ionised gas consisting of positive ions and free electrons in proportions resulting in more or less no overall electric charge, typically at low pressures as in the upper atmosphere and in fluorescent lamps or at very high temperatures as in stars and nuclear fusion reactors 1 along with solids, liquids and gases, plasma is a state of matter. Fully threedimensional simulation and modeling of a dense plasma. Figure 1 illustrates the coaxial plasma focus apparatus. Essentially this approach can be summarized as follows. Optimization of a dense plasma focus device as a light source. The device utilized is the repetitive plasma focus operating in the enea brasimone center.
A coaxial plasma focus device is operated in deuterium gas at ambient pressures from 02 to 07 mm hg and. Due to improved diagnostics and theoretical models considerable progress in the understanding of these devices has been made since their. Using numerical experiments based on the lee model in association with. Plasma based methods offer interesting and viable alternatives for thin. Characterizing plasma focus devices role of the static inductanceinstability phase fitted by anomalous resistances s.
The outer electrode is generally no more than 67 inches in diameter and a foot long. Ion acceleration with such high energy is one of the most unexpected aspects of the plasma focus device. The dense plasma focus dpf system creates short, high. Minif is small dense plasma focus device 3 kilojoules that is built around a 59 uf, 10 kv capacitor with a 35 nh internal inductance. Experimental studies of dense plasma focus dpf facilities proved the occurrence of highenergy ion beams, generated within the plasma focus pinch column or its vicinity. Jun 01, 2001 the proton beam emission from the small 8kj plasma focus device operated with the h 2 filling was analyzed. Pdf correlation of neutron anisotropy with neutron yield.
Application of dense plasma focus devices and lasers in. A dense plasma focus dpf is a type of plasma generating system originally developed as a fusion power device starting in the early 1960s. Characterizing plasma focus devicesrole of the static. Soft xray optimization studies on a dense plasma focus device operated in neon and argon in repetitive mode. The electron beam is driven through an electron pipe made of stainless steel to impinge on a 50. This thesis presents the thrust modeling of the dense plasma focus plasma motion phases. A scaling law of neutron yield for dt discharge in plasma focus. Optimizing unuictp pff plasma focus for neon soft xray.
In this article, design of a 500kj mathertype plasma focus device to achieve 1011 neutronsshot is. The system demonstrated scaling laws that suggested it would not be useful in the commercial power role, and since the 1980s it has been used primarily as a fusion teaching system, and as a source of neutrons and xrays. Abstract the dense plasma focus dpf device dpfu which is operated at the institute of plasma physics and laser microfusion is the largest that type plasma experiment in the world. The clinical effect of plasma devices on the skin is dependent on several factors including the mechanical and electrical resistance of the tissue and the difference in potential between the tip and the skin. This is a feature of the device and the distance between the points and there are different energy outputs depending on the device being. Optimization of a dense plasma focus device as a light source for euv lithography igor v.
A cooling mechanism for supplying cold to the main surface and subsurface is disposed in the worktable. We have designed and built a dense plasma focus dpf zpinch device using a kjlevel capacitor bank and a hollow anode, and fueled by a cylindrically. Electromagnetic forces in the plasma focus device have to be investigated. The dense plasma focus device dpf, or just plasma focus device what it is and how it works. The regionof interest in the present investigation is the small cylindrical shaded region directly over the center electrode. A dense plasma focus dpf is a machine that produces, by electromagnetic acceleration and compression, a shortlived plasma that is hot and dense enough to cause nuclear fusion and the emission of xrays and neutrons. It was deduced that single shot ion irradiation based transient. The average power consumption, which has become a major issue due to the energy crisis, is analyzed with respect to other plasma devices and is shown to be highly favorable.
All these devices generate hot some 100 evsome kev, dense 10 17. The name plasma focus pf has been bestowed upon a development of the fast dynamic zpinch. A brief description of the code is given in the following. Pdf at plasma radiation sources laboratory prsl, nie, singapore our group has five dense plasma focus dpf devices and our research. It was deduced that single shot ion irradiation based transient thermal treatment induces an effect similar to the conventional annealing at 400c. It was found that the neutron yieldy n is strongly correlated with the amplitude of the pinch dip in didt waveform. Since the initial demonstration of euv emission with xenon as a source gas in cymers dense plasma focus dpf device, significant effort has been spent exploring the parameter space for optimization of efficient generation of euv radiation. The plasma focus device is located in the center of the.
Article information, pdf download for fully threedimensional simulation and modeling of a. A plasma focus device is basically composed of two coaxial cylindrical electrodes, closed at one end and open at the other. In this study, we had designed and fabricated the plasma focus device which can generate the light source for euv. Related papers the impact of plasma interference profile pip on argon discharge in plasma focus device. Jun 17, 2020 at the relatively low power flux densities of hot plasma hp and fast ion streams fis respectively p. Using numerical experiments based on the lee model. Design and initial results from a kilojoule level dense plasma focus.
Pdf carbonitriding of silicon using plasma focus device. Pulsed neutrons generated in a plasma focus device are used for the. A dense plasma focus dpf is a pulsedpower machine that. Freeman the need for low propellant weight, high efficiency propulsion systems is a glaring need for various space missions. Pdf estimation of electron temperature and radiation. Zakaullah department of physics, plasma physics laboratory, quaidiazam university, islamabad 45230, pakistan j. In a 200 j fast miniature plasma focus device about 17 and 10fold increase in xray yield in spectral ranges of 0. The investigation capability of plasma focus device for n. Creation of a testbed at ictp based on a repetitive dense plasma focus device for applications in radiation material sciences as well as in nuclear medicine and. Simulation of gas breakdown and plasma dynamics in. Previous systems were characterized as high reprate devices if the dpf was operated at 120 hz. Pdf neutron production from puffing deuterium in plasma.
A compact plasma focus device and its neutron emission. The implanted sample is a sheet of nickel with a surface of abou 20 cm2 inserted in a rigid sample at a variable distance form the top of the anode. Introductionplasma focus pf devices are capable of creating a hot and dense a pinch magnetized plasma through electromagnetic waves, nuclear reaction, neutron emission when the filling gas is deuterium, energetic beam of charged particles and ions as. The plasna focus device is operated at 0,5 hz using a nitrogen filling gas at a pressure of 4 mbar. Indigenous development and optimization of a plasma focus device mepf12. Pff has a unique standing in the study of plasma focus. Detection of energetic particles from plasma focus using. A heat transfer medium made of conductive silicone rubber is interposed between the sub.
Pdf powerpoint presentation description of pf fusion devices from small to big experiments and results numerical experiments confirm deterioration of. Production of radioisotopes using pulse neutrons and their halflives measurement. However, the average value of the neutron anisotropy determined in our experiment is much higher than the expected value of 1. Alikhanov institute for theoretical and experimental. Pdf applications of dense plasma focus device researchgate. A plasma focus device is being developed to this aim. Forty years of experiments demonstrated the ability of plasma focus pf devices to produce nuclear fusion reactions in magnetically pinched plasmas. Experiments on speedenhanced neutron yield from a small.
Plasma focus pf is a wellestablished pulsed neutron source known for decades 1, 2. Thus ion energy flux is associated with the focusing efficiency of plasma focus device as. The electrodes are enclosed in a vacuum chamber with a low pressure gas filling the space between them. The name plasma focus pf has been bestowed upon a development of the fast dynamic zpinch characterized by a new type of electrode configuration which lends itself to the production of a noncylindrical implosion of the current sheath. This plasma focus system was developed under the funding and support of unu, ictp, and the asian african association for plasma training to initiate and promote practical knowledge and skills in plasma physics, including fusion, in developing countries 1. A plasma etching apparatus includes a worktable disposed in a hermetic process chamber. A dpf device provides intense bursts of electrons and ion beams, xrays, and 2. Pdf deposition of molybdenum carbide thin films by dense. A plasma focus device as ultrahigh dose rate pulsed. High energetic ions are considered to play an important role in the production of the intense neutron flux in the plasma focus device when using deuterium gas 4.
A feasibility study of the iranian sun mather type plasma focus. The plasma that is formed in large plasma experiments is characterized by vast numbers of parameters. Experimental measurements of highenergy photons in xrays. Dense plasma focus project gutenberg selfpublishing. The dense plasma focus device consists of two cylindrical metal electrodes nested inside each other. Shortlived radioisotopes scaling with energy in plasma focus. Radioisotope production in pfds with applicable activities is highly dependent on establishing the related scaling law. The fast protons were registered with the energy up to 500kev using the polycarbonate absorbers with the different thickness. Plasma focus devices have been extensively investigated in a number of lab oratories.
The plasma focus as a thruster a thesis richard lee. Pdf experimental study in a plasma focus with modified. Also discussed is a novel approach to capacitorbank and switch design with respect to repetitivepulse operation. The preliminary experimental results have demonstrated that the new device can produce several focusing events in a plasma focus device. Introductionplasma focus pf devices are capable of creating a hot and dense a pinch magnetized plasma through electromagnetic waves, nuclear reaction, neutron emission when the filling gas is deuterium, energetic beam of charged particles and ions as well as electrons. Roshani, angular distribution analysis of nitrogen ions in a low energy dense plasma focus device. Ions beam properties produced by nx2 plasma focus device. A two concentric electrodes spherical plasma focus device is simulated using a snow plow model, depending on. Pdf fabrication of the plasma focus device for advanced. Enhancement of charged particle emission from a plasma. Design of a repetitively pulsed megajoule denseplasma focus. In the meantime, you can download the document by clicking the download button above.
Integrated approach to dense magnetized plasmas applications in. Mar 01, 1976 plasma focus devices are presently investigated in about 20 laboratories. Among these machines is one with energy capacity of 1 mj making it one of the largest plasma focus devices in the world. Comsol aided design of an extraction pipe for the electron. Thus ion energy flux is associated with the focusing efficiency of plasma focus device as well as working gas pressures. Site recognized for its breakthrough falcon plasma focus device. Pan institute of materials research and engineering, agency for science, technology and research astar, 3 research link. Some experiments were performed to measure the ion beam from the amirkabir plasma focus apf device. The central electrode anode is partially covered by. Pdf neutron anisotropy and xray production of the fnii. The spark gap, chamber and electrode assembly are mounted directly on the capacitor to keep the overall inductance to a low level. Beam acceleration in plasma focus device sciencedirect. Dense plasma focus dpf devices consist of a coaxial electrodes assembly, which produces pulsed plasma.
The application of selected radionuclides for monitoring of. The electromagnetic compression of the plasma is called a pinch. Between the two electrodes there is a cylinder made of insulating material. The sheet of current lifts off the backwall as the current rises to a sufficient value. A plasma focus device forms a highdensity 1025 ionm3, hightemperature 107 k plasma that produces an intense burst of neutrons when operated with deuterium gas. Application of medium energy plasma focus device in study of. Electron, ion energy 100kev in a dense plasma arxiv. The application of selected radionuclides for monitoring. Nanostructuring of fept thin films by plasma focus device. Pdf this invited lecture concerns plasmafocus pf devices belonging. Pdf this invited lecture concerns plasma focus pf devices belonging. Although dense plasma focus devices have been developed for a number of years, this particular device is somewhat unique in that it is designed to operate at much lower than typical energies and much higher than typical repetition rates. Application of dense plasma focus devices and lasers in the.
First, an introduction dealing with a general discussion of plasma devices focusing on the role of a dense plasma focus device as a useful tool in future research. Pdf study of molybdenum kseries line radiation emission. The worktable has a main surface for placing a wafer thereon, and a subsurface for placing a focus ring thereon. Carbonitriding of silicon using plasma focus device s. Department of physics, gc university, 54000 lahore, pakistan m. The plasma collects at the distal end of the matrix where it is freed from the matrix by pressing the device. Soft tissue image and is geometry simulated by geant4 code to calculate neutron flux in cylindrical geometry. Jul 18, 2019 the vlasovmaxwell equations were numerically solved to calculate the ion.
Construction and physics of the dense plasma focus device. The time resolved measurement of the neutron pulse indicated. Abdus salam ictpoea aaapt nu intiiu ntunie plasma radiation sources lab um plasma research lab utm. The experiments were carried out in the pf50j device, a small and fast plasma focus operating at tens of joules with characteristic parameters given by. Design of a 500kj mathertype plasma focus device springerlink. The plasma focus device, fitted with copper anode encapsulated with ti0. Neutron anisotropy and xray production of the fnii dense plasma focus device. To promote the understanding of plasma focus devices. Shortlived radioisotopes scaling with energy in plasma. Radioisotopes 165m dy, 56 mn, 198 au having wide range of halflives are. Pdf preliminary results of is plasma focus as a breeder. In argentina there is an interinstitutional program for plasma focus research since 1996, coordinated by a national laboratory of dense magnetized plasmas. Key features the plasma is recovered in 35 minutes different rpsd devices are available to recover rated amount of plasma as per requirement rpsd is designed to deliver more than rated amount of plasma at even up to 56% hematocrit.
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